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“It is only by Beelzebul that this man casts out demons”

Matthew 12:24
Foreign wordWell-supportedThe Pharisees
But when the Pharisees heard this, they said, 'Only by Beelzebul, the prince of demons, does this man drive out demons.' (Matthew 12:24 BSB)

What it sounds like today

A random demon name.

The cultural key

A stack of insults with history. Baal-zebul, 'Baal the Prince / lord of the lofty dwelling,' was a Canaanite deity title; Hebrew scripture mocked it as Baal-zebub, 'lord of the flies' (2 Kings 1:2). By Jesus' day it named the prince of demons. Jesus' wordplay: zebul echoes 'house/lofty abode,' so when his enemies call him Beelzebul they are literally calling the 'master of the house' (oikodespotēs) by a demonic 'lord of the house' title, and his household should expect the same slur. Here the slur triggers the full reply: the divided-house argument ('every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste'), which answers the name's own meaning, lord of the house; the counter-question about their own exorcists; and the warning about blasphemy against the Spirit: calling the Spirit's work demonic as the one unforgivable verdict, because it renames the cure as the disease.

Recovered meaning

'They've branded the head of the family a demon lord; you, the household, won't be treated better.' Expect your teacher's reputation, not above it.

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