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“Eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven”

Matthew 19:12
Figure of speechSettledJesus
For there are eunuchs who were born that way; others were made that way by men; and still others live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it. (Matthew 19:12 BSB)

What it sounds like today

Alarmingly literal, and it has occasionally, tragically, been read that way (Origen, per an ancient report).

The cultural key

The third clause is figurative: voluntary celibacy for the kingdom's sake. The word choice was deliberately scandalous: eunuchs were excluded from Israel's assembly (Deuteronomy 23:1) and marriage was near-universal duty ('be fruitful and multiply'); choosing childlessness was almost unintelligible. Behind it glows Isaiah 56:4–5, where God promises faithful eunuchs 'a name better than sons and daughters.'

Recovered meaning

Some will renounce marriage entirely for the kingdom's work: a calling, not a command ('let the one who is able to receive it'). Jesus dignifies a state his culture pitied, using its most shocking available label.

Parallels: 1 Corinthians 7:7–8; Isaiah 56:4–5
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